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[»ó¹ý Q&A] ¹ýÁ¤ 乫·Î Áý Â÷¾Ð
ÀÛ¼ºÀÚ °ü¸®ÀÚ ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ 11/10/2009 Á¶È¸¼ö 553
 
¢¹¹®=ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ ¹Î»ç ¼Ò¼Û¿¡¼­ ÆÐÇÏ¿© ¾à 10¸¸´Þ·¯ÀÇ ¹ýÁ¤ 乫(Judgment Debt) °¡ È®Á¤µÇ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. °í¼ÒÀÎÀÌ ÇöÀç LA Ä«¿îƼ¿¡ ±× ÆÇ°á¹®¿¡ °üÇÑ ¼­·ù(Abstract of Judgment)¸¦ µî·ÏÇÏ°í ÀúÀÇ ÁýÀ» Â÷¾ÐÇÏ°í °­Á¦ ¸Å¸Å (Foreclosure)¸¦ ÇÏ·Á°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÇöÀç ÀúÀÇ ÁÖÅÃÀÇ °¡Ä¡´Â ¾à 50¸¸´Þ·¯ Á¤µµÀÌ¸ç ¿©±â¿¡¼­ 1Â÷ ¸ð±âÁö·ÐÀ» Á¦Çϸé ÀÚ»ê °¡Ä¡´Â ¾à 7¸¸´Þ·¯ Á¤µµÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ä±ÇÀÚ°¡ ÁýÀ» Â÷¾ÐÇÑ´Ù¸é Á¤¸»·Î ÀúÀÇ ÁÖÅÃÀ» Æ÷Ŭ·ÎÀú ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö¿ä?

¢¹´ä=¿ì¼± ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀڴ ä¹«ÀÚÀÇ ÁÖÅÃÀ̳ª ºÎµ¿»êµî¿¡ Â÷¾ÐÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Â÷¾ÐÀ» ÇÏ´Â ÀýÂ÷´Â ¿ì¼± ¹ý¿ø¿¡¼­ ÆÇ°á¹®À» ¹Þ°í ±× »ç½ÇÀ» ÀÎÁõÇÏ´Â ¼­·ù 'Abstract of Judgment' À̶ó´Â ¼­·ù¸¦ ¹ý¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ß±Þ¹Þ¾Æ 乫ÀÚÀÇ ºÎµ¿»êÀ̳ª »ç¾÷ü°¡ ÀÖ´Â Ä«¿îƼ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ µî·ÏÀ» ÇÔÀ¸·Î¼­ 乫ÀÚÀÇ Àç»ê¿¡ Àú´ç(Lien)À» ºÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

乫ÀÚÀÇ ºÎµ¿»ê¿¡ Àú´ç µî·ÏµÇ¸é ¾ÕÀ¸·Î 乫ÀÚÀÇ ¸ðµç ºÎµ¿»ê ¸Å¸Å°ü°è¿¡¼­ ÀÌ Ã¤±ÇÀÚÀÇ Àú´çÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª°Ô µÇ¹Ç·Î ¹ÙÀ̾°Ô ¼¿·¯ÀÇ ¹ýÁ¤ 乫¿Í ±× ÁÖÅÃÀÌ Â÷¾Ð´çÇØÀÖ´Â »ç½ÇÀ» ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ°ÔµÇ¸ç ±×·ÎÀÎÇØ ±× Àú´çÀ» ÇØ°áÇؾ߸¸ ¸Å¸Å°¡ ¼º»çµÇ´Â °á°ú¸¦ º¸°ÔµË´Ï´Ù.

¶Ç ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀÚ(Judgment Creditor)´Â Â÷¾ÐÇÑ ÁÖÅÿ¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ¹ý¿øÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Writ of Execution À» ½ÅûÇÏ°í Çã°¡ ¹ÞÀºÈÄ ±× ÁÖÅÃÀ» °­Á¦¸Å¸Å óºÐ(Foreclosure) ÇÏ¿© ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀ» Çà»çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÇÏÁö¸¸ À̶§ ±× Â÷¾ÐÇÑ ÁÖÅÃÀÌ Ã¤¹«ÀÚ°¡ ÇöÀç ¼ÒÀ¯ÇÏ°í ¶Ç ½ÇÁ¦·Î °ÅÁÖÇÏ°íÀÖ´Â À¯ÀÏÇÑ ÁÖÅÃÀ̶ó¸é ±× ÁÖÅÃÀ» Æ÷Ŭ·ÎÀú Çϴµ¥ ¾Æ·¡¿Í °°Àº ¿©·¯°¡Áö Á¦ÇÑÀÌ µû¸£°ÔµË´Ï´Ù.

¿ì¼± Ķ¸®Æ÷´Ï¾Æ ÁÖ¹ý¿¡¼­´Â ¸ðµç 1°¡±¸ 1ÁÖÅà ¼ÒÀ¯ÁÖµéÀÌ Ã¤±ÇÀڷκÎÅÍ °ÅÁÖÇÏ°íÀÖ´Â ÁÖÅÿ¡¼­ ÂѰܳª´Â°ÍÀ» ¹æÁöÇϱâÀ§ÇØ ¸ð±âÁö·Ð°ú ±×¿Ü Àú´ç±ÇµîÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í ±× ÁÖÅÃÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ °¡Ä¡(Equity)°¡ 7¸¸5000´Þ·¯ ¹Ì¸¸ÀÏ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀڷκÎÅÍÀÇ °­Á¦ ¸Å¸Å Áï Æ÷Ŭ·ÎÀú¸¦ ±ÝÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ°ÍÀ» Homestead ¶ó°í ºÎ¸£¸ç ±× ÁÖÅÃÀÌ À§Ä¡ÇÑ Ä«¿îƼ Á¤ºÎ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ µî·ÏÀ» ÇؾßÇÏ´Â 'Declared Homestead'¿Í µî·ÏÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ÀÎÁ¤ÀÌ µÇ´Â 'Residential Homestead' µÑ·Î ³ª´©¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.

À§ÀÇ »óȲ¿¡¼­´Â ÁÖÅÃÀÇ ½ÇÁ¦ °¡Ä¡(Equity) °¡ 7¸¸ 5000´Þ·¯ ¹Ì¸¸À̹ǷΠ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀÚ¿¡ÀÇÇÑ °­Á¦ ¸Å¸Å(Foreclose)´ÂÇÒ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

ÇÏÁö¸¸ ¸¸¾à °¨Á¤°¡°¡ 7¸¸5000´Þ·¯ ÀÌ»óÀÌ ³ª¿Â´Ù¸é ±× ÁÖÅÃÀº ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀÚ¿¡ÀÇÇØ Æ÷Ŭ·ÎÀú¸¦ ´çÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀÚ´Â ±× ÁÖÅÿ¡ Àú´ç ¼³Á¤µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â Àú´çÀÇ ¿ì¼± ¼øÀ§¿¡ µû¶ó ÆǸűÝÀ» ºÐ¹èÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì¶ó ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ÁÖÅà ¼ÒÀ¯ÁÖ´Â ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀÚ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ Æ÷Ŭ·ÎÀú¸¦ ´çÇÑÈÄ ÆǸŠ±Ý¾×¿¡¼­ 7¸¸5000´Þ·¯´Â 6°³¿ù µ¿¾È º¸È£ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±× µ·À¸·Î »õ·Î¿î ÁÖÅÃÀ» ±¸ÀÔÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

ÇÏÁö¸¸ 6°³¿ù À̳»¿¡ ±× 7¸¸5000´Þ·¯°¡ »õ·Î¿î ÁÖÅÃÀ» ±¸ÀÔÇϴµ¥ ¾²¿©ÁöÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é ±× µ·Àº ´Ù½Ã ¹ýÁ¤ ä±ÇÀÚ¿¡°Ô·Î µ¹¾Æ°¥ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
 
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